Vegetarianism - Wikipedia. Vegetarianism. Description. A vegetarian diet is derived from plants, with or without eggs or dairy. Varieties. Ovo, Lacto, Ovo- lacto, Veganism, Raw veganism, Fruitarianism, Hindu vegetarianism, Buddhist vegetarianism, Jain vegetarianism. The Mediterranean diet is one that has managed to maintain popularity through changing fads, and for good reason. A number of studies have confirmed.Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by- products of animal slaughter. Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life. Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy. Other motivations for vegetarianism are health- related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference. Why do centenarians escape cancer (people who live to be over 100 years old)? As we get older, our risk of getting and dying from cancer grows year by year—but. Ok, so you want to get huge?! All you have to do is make it to the gym, crank out reps until you get a sick pump, head home and get on with the rest of your day, right? There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo- lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo- vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto- vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs. A vegan diet excludes all animal products, including eggs and dairy. Some vegans also avoid other animal products such as beeswax, leather or silk clothing, and goose- fat shoe polish. Packaged and processed foods, such as cakes, cookies, candies, chocolate, yogurt, and marshmallows, often contain unfamiliar animal ingredients, so may be a special concern for vegetarians due to the likelihood of such additions. For example, while some vegetarians may be unaware of animal- derived rennet's role in the production of cheese, and may therefore unknowingly consume the product. Those with diets containing fish or poultry may define meat only as mammalian flesh and may identify with vegetarianism. The word is commonly believed to be a compound of vegetable and the suffix - arian (as in agrarian). From 1. 84. 1, it was known as A Concordium, or Industry Harmony College, from which time the institution began to publish its own pamphlet, . The Orphics, a religious movement spreading in Greece at that time, and Pythagoras, a philosopher and religious leader in the area of Southern Italy colonized by Greek settlers, abstained from the flesh of animals. Those nanny goats, ewes and sows which are with young or giving milk to their young are protected, and so are young ones less than six months old. Cocks are not to be caponized, husks hiding living beings are not to be burnt and forests are not to be burnt either without reason or to kill creatures. One animal is not to be fed to another. In 1. 84. 7, the first Vegetarian Society was founded in the United Kingdom. In 1. 88. 6, the vegetarian colony Nueva Germania was founded in Paraguay, though its vegetarian aspect would prove short- lived. In the Western world, the popularity of vegetarianism grew during the twentieth century as a result of nutritional, ethical, and more recently, environmental and economic concerns. Varieties. Different Buddhist traditions have differing teachings on diet, which may also vary for ordained monks and nuns compared to others. Many interpret the precept 'not to kill' to require abstinence from meat, but not all. In Taiwan, su vegetarianism excludes not only all animal products but also vegetables in the allium family (which have the characteristic aroma of onion and garlic): onion, garlic, scallions, leeks, chives, or shallots. Following my recent post about carbohydrates, I've put together what I consider to be the most important facts about ketosis and measuring ketone bodies. Ketosis is a. Torch 150 more calories per workout with these simple tips TODAY; Meet the 74-year-old bodybuilder breaking age expectations People; This is how much you need to. Most steroid users are not athletes. Between 1 million and 3 million people (1% of the population) are thought to have misused AAS in the United States. Studies in. Fruitarianism permits only fruit, nuts, seeds, and other plant matter that can be gathered without harming the plant. Vegetables can only be cooked up to a certain temperature, for instance using a dehydrator. Semi- vegetarian diets include: Macrobiotic diet consisting mostly of whole grains and beans, but may sometimes include fish. Pescetarianism, which includes fish and possibly other forms of seafood. Vegetarians generally have a lower body mass index. These characteristics and other lifestyle factors associated with a vegetarian diet may contribute to the positive health outcomes that have been identified among vegetarians. Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2. A report issued by the U. S. Department of Agriculture and the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. One review found a decreased overall risk of all cause mortality, cancer (except breast) and cardiovascular disease. Possible limitations include varying definitions used of vegetarianism, and the observation of increased risk of lung cancer mortality in those on a vegetarian diet for less than five years. Rates of self- reported Seventh- day Adventists (SDA) were less than half of those of the general population, and, among SDA, vegetarians had lower rates of diabetes than non- vegetarians. Among possible explanations for a protective effect of vegetarian diet are the Lower BMI of vegetarians and higher fiber intake, both of which improve insulin sensitivity. According to some studies, a vegetarian lifestyle can be associated with vitamin B 1. Vegans can have particularly low intake of vitamin B and calcium if they do not eat enough items such as collard greens, leafy greens, tempeh and tofu (soy). Proteins are composed of amino acids, and a common concern with protein acquired from vegetable sources is an adequate intake of the essential amino acids, which cannot be synthesised by the human body. While dairy and egg products provide complete sources for ovo- lacto vegetarian, several vegetable sources have significant amounts of all eight types of essential amino acids, including lupin beans, soy. A 1. 99. 4 study found a varied intake of such sources can be adequate. However, the American Dietetic Association states that iron deficiency is no more common in vegetarians than non- vegetarians (adult males are rarely iron deficient); iron deficiency anaemia is rare no matter the diet. Purslane contains more Omega 3 than any other known leafy green. Olives (and olive oil) are another important plant source of unsaturated fatty acids. Plant foods can provide alpha- linolenic acid which the human body uses to synthesize the long- chain n- 3 fatty acids EPA and DHA. EPA and DHA can be obtained directly in high amounts from oily fish or fish oils. Vegetarians, and particularly vegans, have lower levels of EPA and DHA than meat- eaters. While the health effects of low levels of EPA and DHA are unknown, it is unlikely that supplementation with alpha- linolenic acid will significantly increase levels. Similar supplements providing both DHA and EPA have also begun to appear. However, certain algae such as spirulina are good sources of gamma- linolenic acid (GLA), alpha- linolenic acid (ALA), linoleic acid (LA), stearidonic acid (SDA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and arachidonic acid (AA). Any UV- irradiated fungus including yeast form vitamin D2. Claims have been made that a normal serving (approx. D content to levels up to 8. Regular meat eaters had the base mortality rate of 1. The study reported the numbers of deaths in each category, and expected error ranges for each ratio, and adjustments made to the data. However, the . Out of the major causes of death studied, only one difference in mortality rate was attributed to the difference in diet, as the conclusion states: . Their death rates are similar to those of comparable non- vegetarians, suggesting that much of this benefit may be attributed to non- dietary lifestyle factors such as a low prevalence of smoking and a generally high socio- economic status, or to aspects of the diet other than the avoidance of meat and fish. This is the only study among others with similar methodology which had favourable indication for vegetarianism. The researchers found that a combination of different lifestyle choices could influence life expectancy by as much as 1. Among the lifestyle choices investigated, a vegetarian diet was estimated to confer an extra 1–1/2 to 2 years of life. The researchers concluded that . The life expectancy of California Adventists surviving to age 3. The study concluded that . The study found that this group of vegetarians (lacto- ovo) have a significantly higher amount of plasma carboxymethyllysine and advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) compared to this group of non- vegetarians. A plant based diet has the potential to lower the risk of heart disease as well as reducing the amount of medications prescribed in instances of chronic illness. A change to a plant based diet, or vegetarianism, has had dramatic positive effects on the health of patients with chronic illnesses, significantly more than exercise alone . Maya Tiwari notes that Ayurveda recommends small portions of meat for some people, though . Now that such methods of hunting and killing are not observed, she does not recommend the use of . At the same time the association cautions however, that the adoption of a vegetarian diet may not necessarily lead to eating disorders, rather that . In many societies, controversy and debate have arisen over the ethics of eating animals. Some people, while not vegetarians, refuse to eat the flesh of certain animals due to cultural taboo, such as cats, dogs, horses or rabbits. Others support meat eating for scientific, nutritional and cultural reasons, including religious ones. Some meat eaters abstain from the meat of animals reared in particular ways, such as factory farms, or avoid certain meats, such as veal or foie gras. Some people follow vegetarian or vegan diets not because of moral concerns involving the raising or consumption of animals in general, but because of concerns about the specific treatment and practises involved in the raising and slaughter of animals, i. Others still avoid meat because meat production is claimed to place a greater burden on the environment than production of an equivalent amount of plant protein. Ethical objections based on consideration for animals are generally divided into opposition to the act of killing in general, and opposition to certain agricultural practices surrounding the production of meat. Ethics of killing for food. Your Body Type - Ectomorph, Mesomorph or Endomorph? Image courtesy of Govt. There were so many conflicting diets and training programs available and I had no idea what I “should” be doing. The result of this was about 6 months in the gym with little gains and almost no motivation to workout anymore. I was at a complete loss and about to throw in the towel and give up. Then a guy in the gym gave me a magazine and told me to read the article in there about body types. So I did and it opened my eyes up to the reason why I wasn’t making any gains in the gym. I am a true ectomorph (classic hardgainer) and my bodyweight was 6. I first walked into a gym. I had no idea about body types back then. I assumed (like most beginners do) that the more I worked out the bigger I would get. Thinking that “more was better” I started following a program designed for an elite bodybuilder. This resulted in gains of about 1. After reading the body type article in that magazine I started to understand more about how my body type worked, my metabolism, and gaining weight. Being an ectomorph I need to focus on calorie intake, long rest periods, and minimum cardio. It was only then I started making some real gains and I’ve never looked back. So it’s important to be able to identify and understand your body type. Different body types require different training methods and diet plans. So listed below are the 3 male body types: ectomorph, mesomorph and endomorph, along with their characteristics. Ecto’s have a light build with small joints and lean muscle. Usually ectomorph’s have long thin limbs with stringy muscles. Shoulders tend to be thin with little width. They have a fast metabolism which burns up calories very quickly. Ecto’s need a huge amount of calories in order to gain weight. Workouts should be short and intense focusing on big muscle groups. Supplements are definitely recommended. Ectomorphs should eat before bed to prevent muscle catabolism during the night. Generally, ectomorphs can lose fat very easily which makes cutting back to lean muscle easier for them. Mesomorphs are the best body type for bodybuilding. They find it quite easy to gain and lose weight. They are naturally strong which is the perfect platform for building muscle. Typical traits on a Mesomorph. Generally hard body. Well defined muscles. Rectangular shaped body. Gains muscle easily. Gains fat more easily than ectomorphs. The mesomorph body type responds the best to weight training. Gains are usually seen very quickly, especially for beginners. The downside to mesomorphs is they gain fat more easily than ectomorphs. This means they must watch their calorie intake. Usually a combination of weight training and cardio works best for mesomorphs. Endomorphs gain fat very easily. Endo’s are usually of a shorter build with thick arms and legs. Muscles are strong, especially the upper legs. Endomorphs find they are naturally strong in leg exercises like the squat. Typical traits of an Endomorph. Soft and round body. Gains muscle and fat very easily. Is generally short. Unfortunately, a large portion of this weight is fat not muscle. To keep fat gain to a minimum, endomorphs must always train cardio as well as weights. Usually supplements may not be needed as long as the person has a high protein intake in their diet. In fact, most guys have a combination of two body types. These combinations are either ectomorph/mesomorph or mesomorph/endomorph. It is not uncommon to find a pure mesomorph that gains weight like an endomorph for example. You may also want to optimize your diet and training to suit your body type. One final point I want to mention is that no matter what your body type you can build a big, ripped, muscular physique. Even the skinniest of guys can bulk up. Yes, it’s harder but if you’re willing to put in the hard work it can be done. I have about the skinniest natural build possible and at the time of writing this article I have gained about 3.
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